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While the
war for American independence was
started in New England, declared in
Philadelphia
and ultimately won in
Virginia, the greatest
price in terms of death and human suffering was
paid in New York. Three-times as many patriots
died in jails in New York and on prison ships in
the harbor as the number killed in all the
battles of the eight-year war.
Having won the
city, the British found they
needed to keep thousands of troops in New York
to defend it against the encircling Americans.
This limited their operations elsewhere on the
continent to relatively small forces that could
be kept in the field for only limited periods of
time.
As shocked as the British were by the loss of
one army at
Saratoga and another at
Yorktown,
the cost of holding New York did as much to wear
down their resolve and end the war.
In 1779,
General Washington sent an army of
4,000 soldiers, led by Generals Sullivan and
Clinton to western New York to stop the raids on
the frontier and punish the
Iroquois for
supporting the British during the
Revolutionary
War.
In addition, New York’s revolutionary heritage
includes the first bloodshed of the struggle for
liberty, the earliest Congress of the colonies,
the
Battle of Long Island - the largest battle
of the American revolution, and its most famous martyr,
Nathan Hale. New York witnessed the
establishment of the
Constitution, the
inauguration of George Washington and the adoption of
the
Bill of Rights.
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